部分预制型钢混凝土梁抗震性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

郭敬超  邵永健  梁松  薛祯钰 《世界地震工程》2018,34(4):016-23

为探究部分预制型钢混凝土梁的抗震性能，进行了7个部分预制型钢混凝土梁试件的拟静力试验，研究了试件的裂缝开展过程、破坏形态、承载能力、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化情况，探究预制截面模式、剪跨比和后浇混凝土强度等对其抗震能力的影响。结果表明:地震作用下，该7个试件力学性能较好，剪跨比是影响试件抗震性能的首要要素，剪跨比大的试件耗能能力强，型钢约束部分混凝土可以提高试件的耗能能力，截面模式和后浇混凝土强度对抗震性能影响不大。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Vegetation Carbon,Nitrogen, and C/N Ratio in a Tamarix chinensis Coastal Wetland of China     

Linping Xie  Baodong Wang  Ming Xin  Min Wang  Xiuping He  Qinsheng Wei  Xiaoyong Shi  Xia Sun 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(9)

Variations in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) of the vegetation in a Tamarix chinensis coastal wetland located in Laizhou Bay, China, are analyzed. It is found that T. chinensis accumulates more C and N than the surrounding herbs, and it allocates more C and N in the aboveground parts but less in the roots. Branches store more C, whereas leaves and flowers accumulate more N than other tissues. The C and N contents in the aboveground parts of T. chinensis are mainly influenced by pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water content, and clay content in the top 100 cm of soil as well as the distance from the sea. For the herbs, their C contents vary little in the supratidal zone, but they are higher than those in the intertidal zone. However, N contents in the herbs are higher in the aboveground parts and varied among different communities. The contents of C and N in the herbs are affected by EC, water content as well as the contents of organic C and total nitrogen (TN) in the top 10 cm of soil. The findings confirm that increasing the biomass of T. chinensis is an effective way to increase C sequestration in temperate coastal wetland.  相似文献   

不同类型洞体应变仪的观测差异性分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙伶俐  蒋玲霞  吕琳  张辉  邓建刚 《地震工程学报》2020,42(1):129-135

运用SPSS中聚类及PCA方法对湖北省7个台站三类基线(石英管、铟钢棒、铟钢管)洞体应变观测记录进行相关统计分析,归纳总结其潮汐参数变化特征差异,并针对观测中自然环境因素影响进行定量分析。结果显示:(1)三类基线中,铟钢棒类M2波潮汐因子、中误差及M1波相对噪声水平较低,铟钢棒管年均漂移量最小;(2)自然环境因素(气压、降水、雷雨、温度)对湖北地区洞体应变观测影响较为显著,等量气压影响下应变量最小的为铟钢管型,等量温度影响下应变量最小的为铟钢棒型。  相似文献   

长江口表层沉积物中正构烷烃的高分辨分布特征及有机碳来源解析     

王春禹  姚鹏  赵彬 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):1-13

于2014年3月对长江口及邻近海域的表层沉积物进行了高分辨率采样，分析了沉积物粒级组成、比表面积、总有机碳含量及其稳定碳同位素组成(δ13C)、正构烷烃及其相关分子指标，讨论了此区域沉积有机碳和正构烷烃的高分辨分布特征，并结合基于主成分分析?蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型，对沉积有机碳的来源进行了定量解析。结果表明，长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中总有机碳含量为0.45%±0.16%，近岸泥质区总有机碳含量较高，外海砂质区含量较低。总正构烷烃(C₁₄?C₃₅)的绝对含量和相对于总有机碳的含量分别为(1.42±0.73) μg/g和(0.34±0.21) mg/g。泥质区以长链正构烷烃占优势，具有较强的奇碳优势；砂质区以短链正构烷烃占优势，且具有一定的偶碳优势。长江输入、老黄河口输入、闽浙沿岸小型河流输入和水动力分选等因素制约了正构烷烃的输运和分布特征。模型结果显示此区域沉积有机碳来自海源、土壤和高等植物的混合输入，其中以海源为主，其贡献为42.70%±18.18%，由陆地向外海贡献逐渐升高，其次是土壤和高等植物，其贡献分别为28.99%±15.37%和28.31%±17.12%。在水动力分选作用的影响下，两种陆源有机碳在入海之后的输运过程中存在明显的分异，土壤有机碳主要与细颗粒物结合，并沿闽浙沿岸向南输运，而高等植物来源有机碳则在长江口存在东北方向的输运。  相似文献   

早渐新世钙质超微化石演变与营养盐及二氧化碳关系     

马瑞罡  杨海长  金晓波  赵钊  张功成  刘传联 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(10):70-80

南海北部早渐新世发生明显的营养供给和二氧化碳浓度的变化，相关地质记录为研究颗石藻的生理机制提供了理想的自然实验室。在本研究中，我们建立了一个新的颗石藻群落演化的指标，定义为E*比值。该比值由富营养属种和中等-贫营养属种的相对丰度计算而得（E^*=e/(e+c)×100，e代表富营养属种，c代表中等-贫营养属种）。其中富营养属种包括小Reticulofenestra， Reticulofenestra lockeri组，Reticulofenestra bisecta组和Coccolithus pelagicus组，而中等-贫营养属种包括Cyclicargolithus spp.。E^*指标与早渐新世营养盐指标具有较强的相关性，但在不同二氧化碳浓度的条件下表现不同的公变趋势。将群落组合与已发表的二氧化碳浓度数据对比，我们提出颗石藻可能在二氧化碳持续降低的环境下改变其对碳源和营养盐的利用方式，指示颗石藻的碳浓缩机制可能开始于早渐新世。  相似文献   

EH36钢在黄海的初期腐蚀速率的空间变异特征的地统计分析     

王昭  孙虎元  孙立娟  田国东 《海洋科学》2020,44(1):67-74

以黄海海域为研究区,通过动电位极化曲线法获取了出海实测的EH36钢材在2017年8月及12月黄海43个站位的初期腐蚀速率的数据,并以地统计学方法对数据进行分析,探索研究区内EH36钢材的腐蚀速率的空间分布及其变异特征,绘制初期腐蚀速率预测图。结果表明:初期腐蚀速率的分布状况在夏季、冬季呈现不同的特征,夏季分布呈现近岸低、远岸高,中心高、周围低的特点,冬季分布呈现中心及东南部分低、周围高的特征。同时,统计分析表明, EH36钢在黄海的平均初期腐蚀速率,夏季为0.11 mm/a,冬季为0.25 mm/a,并且在夏季和冬季里, EH36钢在黄海初期腐蚀速率分布的空间变异特征明显,空间自相关性强,其中8月的块金值/基台值为0.062,12月的块金值/基台值为0.138,变程在100 km左右。  相似文献   

白垩纪大洋缺氧事件研究进展     

范庆超  徐兆凯 《海洋科学》2020,44(2):138-145

系统总结了白垩纪OAEs的研究进展,重点讨论了OAE1a、OAE1b和OAE2时期的有机碳(TOC)含量、碳同位素、古温度和锶同位素特征及其古环境指示意义,综合分析了白垩纪OAEs的成因机制。结果表明白垩纪OAEs的发生可能与该时期海底大规模的火山活动以及由其引起的气温升高、碳水化合物大量分解、水文循环加快和海洋生物生产力提高等一系列变化有关。对于白垩纪OAEs演化特征和成因机制的深入研究具有重要借鉴意义。通过对白垩纪OAEs的综合分析发现,当前的研究区域主要集中在大西洋/特提斯盆地及其周边陆地,而对南半球高纬度地区的研究报道迄今未见,从而无法对白垩纪OAEs进行全球性对比和系统性研究。今后我们将重点围绕南半球高纬度地区白垩纪OAEs的演化特征、成因机制及其古气候环境效应等进行深入研究。  相似文献   

复杂载荷作用下立管触地段损伤管道的动力响应     

代云云  周晶  李志刚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(1):145-153

触地段(Touchdown zone, TDZ)是在役钢悬链线立管(Steel catenary riser, SCR)的关键部位,在复杂载荷作用下,极易形成损伤缺陷,其载荷寿命的评估是深海结构工程中的一个关键问题。本文以大型有限元软件ABAQUS为平台,运用损伤管道实体单元与土弹簧阻尼单元相互作用的模型模拟触地段损伤海底管道在复杂载荷作用下的动力响应,数值计算考虑了管-土相互作用过程中的材料非线性、几何非线性以及接触非线性。讨论了单一环向体积损伤位于触地段管道的不同位置时,触地段损伤管道在不同载荷作用下的动力特性及特征点的动力响应。结果表明,管道所受内外压力以及管道提升端的竖向位移载荷会影响结构的自振频率;体积损伤部位的动力响应较完好部位更剧烈;体积损伤的位置和动力载荷频率对管道动力放大系数的影响很大;当动力载荷的激励频率越接近结构基频时,损伤管道的动力响应及动力放大系数越大。  相似文献   

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE OF THE PERMIAN VOLCANISM IN LUCAOGOU FORMATION IN JIMSAR SAG,JUNGGAR BASIN,NORTHWEST CHINA          下载免费PDF全文

QU Chang-sheng  QIU Long-wei  YANG Yong-qiang  YU Kuan-hong  TANG Li-li  WAN Min 《地震地质》2019,41(3):789-802

The lithological features, the types of organic matter and its occurrence and carbon and oxygen isotopic value were clarified by combining core observation, thin slice authentication, X ray diffraction analysis, kerogen type identification and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis. The characteristic of strata, the distribution of volcanoes of Junggar Basin were also taken into consideration. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to evaluate environmental response of volcanism in Lucaogou formation in Jimsar sag. The results show that rocks is a mixed sedimentation of effusive rock and carbonate rocks, volcanic materials is widely developed in Lucaogou formation and origins from the edge of sag or distant source volcano activity. Organic matter is predominantly unstructural algae and asphaltene. The carbon isotopic value of carbonates ranges between 6.8‰ and 9.7‰ with an average of 8.3‰, featured in high positive excursions, while oxygen isotopic value varies from -11.9‰ to -4.3‰ with an average of -6.2‰. During the period of volcanic activity, the volcanic material released high amounts of nutrient to the lake basin, which is beneficial to the algae and other organic organisms. In the poor oxygen and calm water environments, the organic matter is distributed in the laminar algal and the carbon isotope value is high positive drift. During the intermittent period of volcanic activity, the lake level decreased and the lake bottom water changed to the oxygen-enriched environments. The organic matter is locally enriched or dispersed in local layers, and the carbon isotope values decreased slightly. The frequent volcanic activity promoted the organism boom, which lead carbon isotope value to have high positive characteristics and change trends.  相似文献   

Biogeochemistry of dissolved carbon,major, and trace elements during spring flood periods on the Ob River     

Sergey N. Vorobyev  Oleg S. Pokrovsky  Larisa G. Kolesnichenko  Rinat M. Manasypov  Liudmila S. Shirokova  Jan Karlsson  Sergey N. Kirpotin 《水文研究》2019,33(11):1579-1594

Detailed knowledge of the flood period of Arctic rivers remains one of the few factors impeding rigorous prediction of the effect of climate change on carbon and related element fluxes from the land to the Arctic Ocean. In order to test the temporal and spatial variability of element concentration in the Ob River (western Siberia) water during flood period and to quantify the contribution of spring flood period to the annual element export, we sampled the main channel year round in 2014–2017 for dissolved C, major, and trace element concentrations. We revealed high stability (approximately ≤10% relative variation) of dissolved C, major, and trace element concentrations in the Ob River during spring flood period over a 1‐km section of the river channel and over 3 days continuous monitoring (3‐hr frequency). We identified two groups of elements with contrasting relationship to discharge: (a) DIC and soluble elements (Cl, SO₄, Li, B, Na, Mg, Ca, P, V, Cr, Mn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba, W, and U) negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with discharge and exhibited minimal concentrations during spring flood and autumn high flow and (b) DOC and particle‐reactive elements (Al, Fe, Ti, Y, Zr, Nb, Cs, REEs, Hf, Tl, Pb, and Th), some nutrients (K), and metalloids (Ge, Sb, and Te), positively correlated (p < 0.05) with discharge and showed the highest concentrations during spring flood. We attribute the decreased concentration of soluble elements with discharge to dilution by groundwater feeding and increased concentration of DOC and particle‐reactive metals with discharge to leaching from surface soil, plant litter, and suspended particles. Overall, the present study provides first‐order assessment of fluxes of major and trace elements in the middle course of the Ob River, reveals their high temporal and spatial stability, and characterizes the mechanism of river water chemical composition acquisition.  相似文献